Welcome to Self-Custody with Ledger
Setting up your Ledger hardware wallet through Ledger.com/Start is your first step toward truly securing your cryptocurrency assets. This comprehensive guide will walk you through the entire process from unboxing to making your first secure transaction.
Pro Tip: Set aside 15-20 minutes of uninterrupted time for the initial setup. Rushing through security steps can lead to costly mistakes.
What You'll Need
| Item | Description | Importance |
|---|---|---|
| Ledger Device | Nano X, Nano S, or other Ledger model | Essential |
| USB Cable | Included with your device | Essential |
| Computer or Smartphone | With internet connection | Essential |
| Recovery Sheet | Provided in the box | Critical for Security |
| Pen | To write down your recovery phrase | Critical for Security |
Step-by-Step Setup Guide
Step 1: Download & Install Ledger Live
Visit Ledger.com/Start and download Ledger Live for your operating system. Ledger Live is the official application that allows you to manage your crypto assets and communicate with your Ledger device [citation:1][citation:3].
Security Note: Always download Ledger Live directly from the official Ledger website to avoid malicious clones. For desktop users, consider verifying the SHA-512 hash of your download for added security [citation:4].
Step 2: Connect Your Ledger and Security Check
Connect your Ledger device to your computer using the supplied USB cable. When Ledger Live opens, you'll be guided through the setup process [citation:2][citation:3].
Critical Security Step: Before proceeding, verify that your device's packaging was intact with no signs of tampering. Your Ledger should be brand new when you first set it up [citation:2].
Step 3: Initialize Your Device
Select "Set up as new device" in Ledger Live. Your device will guide you through the initial configuration using the two buttons to navigate and confirm selections [citation:3][citation:5].
Step 4: Set Your PIN Code
Create a PIN code between 4-8 digits to protect your device from unauthorized physical access [citation:3].
- Avoid simple sequences (1234, 0000, etc.)
- Don't use personally meaningful numbers
- Remember your PIN - multiple incorrect attempts will wipe the device
Step 5: Write Down Your Recovery Phrase
This is the most critical security step in the entire process. Your device will generate a 24-word recovery phrase [citation:3].
- Use the provided recovery sheet to write down all 24 words
- Write the words in the exact order they appear
- Double-check spelling and sequence
- Complete the verification process by confirming random words from your list
Non-Negotiable Security Rules:
- Never digitize your recovery phrase - no photos, cloud storage, or text files
- Never share your recovery phrase with anyone for any reason
- Only enter your recovery phrase directly on your Ledger device - never on a computer or phone
- Store your recovery sheet in a secure, offline location like a fireproof safe or safety deposit box
Step 6: Install Apps and Manage Crypto
After setup, use Ledger Live to install apps for the cryptocurrencies you want to manage. Your Ledger device has limited storage, so you may need to install and uninstall apps as needed [citation:3].
Don't worry - uninstalling an app does not affect your crypto holdings, which remain safe on the blockchain. You can always reinstall the app to access your funds again [citation:3].
Ledger Security Technology
Ledger devices incorporate multiple layers of security to protect your assets:
Secure Element Chip
Your Ledger uses a certified Secure Element chip, the same technology found in credit cards and passports. This tamper-resistant hardware securely stores your private keys, which never leave the device [citation:4].
BOLOS Operating System
Ledger devices run a custom operating system called BOLOS (Blockchain Open Ledger Operating System). This system keeps each cryptocurrency app isolated from others, preventing potential vulnerabilities from spreading [citation:4].
Certified Security
Ledger's security is certified by ANSSI (France's National Agency for the Security of Information Systems), which rigorously tests the devices against various attacks [citation:4].
Frequently Asked Questions
What happens if I lose my Ledger device or it gets stolen?
Your cryptocurrency remains safe on the blockchain. Simply purchase a new Ledger device and restore your wallet using your 24-word recovery phrase. This process will give you access to all your funds [citation:2].
Can I use my Ledger with mobile devices?
Yes, Ledger Nano X supports Bluetooth connection to mobile devices via Ledger Live mobile app. Other models connect via USB [citation:2].
Do I have to use Ledger Live, or can I connect to other wallets?
Ledger devices are compatible with various third-party wallets, but you'll still need Ledger Live for initial setup, firmware updates, and installing apps [citation:4].
What is the difference between Ledger models?
The Nano X features Bluetooth connectivity and more storage for apps, while the Nano S has less storage but the same security fundamentals. Both utilize the same Secure Element technology [citation:4].
How often should I update my firmware?
Check for firmware updates regularly through Ledger Live. Updates often include important security enhancements and new features [citation:4].